Aaron Rodriguez
Professor Sultan
CIS 3010
December 7, 2017
Man vs Machine: Who is more creative?
              
With the new developments in AI or Artificial Intelligence, we find that these systems tend to mimic humans more and more. With these similarities between each other how can one tell the difference? One may argue that the one thing that makes us Humans in the first place is our creativity. After all it does give us the ability to make large advancements in technology, with the simplest technologies such the wheel to one of the most complex technology such as Artificial Intelligence. Creativity doesn’t only allow society to advance and become more complex and efficient but it also allows us to express ourselves. We can do this through art, poetry writing etc. So with a new system that can mimic everything humans can do can it also mimic the one thing that defines humans as such?
               In order to construct the argument we have to define some things in order to know what we are talking about. So the first thing we need to define is creativity. Creativity according to the article written by Margaret A. Boden “Creativity can be defined as the ability to generate novel, and valuable, ideas” ( AI Magazine, 2009). With this idea we also have to discover what valuable means, which the article states as “interesting, useful, beautiful, simple, richly complex, and so on” (Boden 2009). The article also talks about two types of creativity, P-Creativity and H-Creativity. The first creativity, P-Creativity or a psychological novelty which  is defined as “ one that’s new to the person who generated it. It doesn’t matter how many times, if any, other people have had that idea before” ( Boden 2009). The other is H-Creativity which is defined as “ one that is P-creative and has never occurred in history before.” ( Boden 2009). Now that there is an understanding of what creativity is we can look at whether or not a machine can mimic that same creativity which makes humans so unique. So as we know from before there are two types of creativity P-Creativity and H-Creativity. Now with that being said can AI systems mimic them? According to the article they can, well at least one of them. Artificial Intelligence systems achieved H- Creativity about a quarter century ago given in this example. “ For example, a quarter century ago, an AI program designed a three-dimensional silicon chip that was awarded a patent— which requires that the invention must not be “obvious to a person skilled in the art” (Lenat 1983). And the AARON program (mentioned below) that generates beautifully colored drawings is described by its human originator as a “worldclass” colorist. So it’s presumably H-creative—and it’s certainly capable of coming up with color schemes that he himself admits he wouldn’t have had the courage to use “ (Boden 2009) However, AI systems were not able to achieve P-Creativity in the article it states, “ Seymour Papert used to warn AI researchers, and their sceptical critics, against “the superhuman human fallacy.” That is, we shouldn’t say that AI has failed simply because it can’t match the heights of human intelligence. (After all, most of us can’t do that either.) We should try to understand mundane thinking first, and worry about the exceptional cases only much later” (Boden 2009).  According to this AI systems can not go through the same process as human minds can because they can not produce new thought only reformulate old ones. The AI system can only use the data that was previously given to it and therefore can not grasp concepts which can get in the way of its creativity. The article quotes Shakespeare “Sleep that knits up the ravelled sleeve of care, The death of each day’s life, sore labour’s bath, Balm of hurt minds, great nature’s second course, Chief nourisher in life’s feast.”In this he relates sleep to knitting because sleep mends the mind and brings it together just like knitting mending together two pieces of cloth. AI systems can not comprehend this because they only deal with the factual world and not the conceptual world. Therefore, when you comparing knitting to sleep an AI system can not comprehend that where a human being can comprehend such things due to our intuition of understanding Shakespeare. This is because the intuition of an AI system must be factual opposed to a human intuition which can be conceptual. This allows humans to understand that things don’t always mean what they say but can have metaphorical meanings. In conclusion, AI systems can not be truly creative even though they can create new things and mimic previous arts and reformulate them they can not create something that is truly new because of their lack of ability to grasp concepts and look into the deeper and metaphorical  meanings of arts as well as their reliance on data, which doesn’t allow them to create new things to the world
































Bibliography
Boden, M. A. (2009). Computer Models of Creativity. Handbook of Creativity, 351-372. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511807916.020


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Image
Cloud Computer - The Elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the internet Elastic because it can flex Computer resources cause you Pooled -Virtualization Virtualization - process by which one computer hosts the appearance of many computers. Operates as if installed on one’s own computer Leasing - don’t own the program, you own a license/right to use the program Over the internet SaaS Software as a service, you don’t install these yet they’re considered software PaaS (platform as a service; for big project managers and creators/developer IaaS Infrastructure as a service, Most commonly used Virtual Private Network(VPN) Lots of question on it How do Organizations use Cloud Services Securely? VPN client software that encodes messages Click on the software, input the key, then it creates a tunnel. Whenever you need to send something, that VPN encrypts your message, making readable data unreadable. Once it ge...
Read more
Image
How Do CRM, ERP, and EAI Support Enterprise Systems Help organizations rethink how they do work. Inherent processes Prebuilt procedures based upon “industry best practices.” Save money and time in business process reengineering. Eliminate costs of developing complex applications in-house. Customer Relationship Management Suite of applications, a database, set of inherent processes Could adopt as a stand alone system, or one of the modules within an ERP package. But the CRM system only affects the Customer Service Department, nothing else. Manage all interactions with customer through four phases of customer life cycle: –Marketing, Customer Acquisition, Relationship Management, Loss/Churn Every contact and transaction with customer is recorded in CRM database Solicitation and Lead management Application Sales Applications Relationship management applications Customer Support Applications ERP Everything above and Huma...
Read more

database

what is the purpose of a database organize and keep track of things table = file columns = field records = rows components of database tables or files and relationship among rows in tables and metadata = database field = primary key in one table and secondary key in another table what is database management system ( dbms) program used to create, process, and administer a database licensed from vendors such as IBM, Microsoft, oracle and others DB2 from IBM, access and SQL sever from Microsoft, oracle database from oracle corporation MySQL - open source, license- free for applications 3 types of database models relational data base student file student CIN last name middle initial and first name major address street city state zip code faculty file CIN last name middle initial first name department city state zip schedule of class class number class name section date time instructor object oriented database name of object = l...
Read more